If it Quacks…

If it quacks like a duck...

Comment on "If It Looks Like a Duck and Quacks Like 
a Duck . . . ".

In 2012, Health Canada transitioned caffeinated energy drinks from Natural Health Product to Food and Drug classification and regulations, implementing temporary guidelines with requirements such as caffeine content limits, mandatory cautionary labelling, and restrictions on health claims. "Energy shots" often contain as much or more caffeine compared to energy drinks and have been associated w...

Episodic recollection in animals: “If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duckƒ”

In humans, episodic memory is most commonly deWned as the subjective experience of recollection, presenting a major challenge to the identiWcation of episodic memory in animals. Here we take the position that episodic memory also has several other distinctive qualities that can be assessed objectively in animals, as well as humans, and the examination of these properties provides insights into ...

Synapse formation: If it looks like a duck and quacks like a duck…

Neuroligin and neurexin form an intercellular adhesion complex sufficient to trigger formation of functional presynaptic elements in vitro. This single molecular interaction appears to initiate clustering of synaptic vesicles, assembly of vesicle-release machinery and morphological changes at the presynaptic membrane.

If it quacks like a duck: reviewing health care providers' speech restrictions under the first prong of Central Hudson.

The First Amendment protects the speech of health care providers. This protection can limit states' abilities to protect patients from harmful therapies involving speech, such as sexual orientation change efforts. Because providers' speech is more similar to commercial speech than traditional political discourse, it is possible to create a First Amendment review analysis that better balances st...